The thyroid hormones--triiodothyronine, or T3, and thyroxine, or T4--regulate bodily functions such as metabolism and body temperature. At times, the thyroid gland can encounter problems. Hyperthyroidism is the condition of an overactive thyroid gland that produces too many thyroid hormones, while hypothyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid does not produce enough of the hormones. Research indicates that certain supplements are effective in improving thyroid function.

Iodine

Iodine has positive effects on thyroid hormone function. In a study published in the "European Journal of Endocrinology," researchers investigated the effects of low iodine dosages on thyroid function. Subjects positive for anti-thyroid antibodies consumed potassium iodide, while other patients served as a control group. Scientists discovered that small dosages of iodine improved thyroid function in the study subjects.

Zinc

According to the "Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism," zinc plays a vital role in thyroid hormone metabolism. Researchers studied the effects of zinc supplementation on T3 and T4. The results indicated that zinc supplementation increased both thyroid hormones.

Vitamin E

Researchers studied the effects of vitamin E supplementation on hyperthyroidism. According to "Clinica Chimica Acta," vitamin E supplementation lowered thyroid hormone levels by significantly decreasing GSH-Px activity, a marker for hyperthyroidism. Furthermore, researchers found that vitamin E decreased oxidative stress, which is cell damage caused by free radicals in the body.

Lycopi Europaei Herba

Lycopi europaei herba is a herbal supplement that is derived from the Lycopus europaeus plant. A study published in "Phytomedicine" reported that subjects supplementing with Lycopi europaei herba increased T4 hormone levels. Moreover, researchers cited that Lycopi europaei herba decreased the symptoms associated with hyperthyroidism.